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Содержание работы или список заданий
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Вариант №4
I.
Спишите, подчеркните сказуемое. Определите видовременную форму и залог глагола. Переведите предложения на русский язык:
1.
He studied many subjects.
2.
The students had passed the exam by two o’clock yesterday.
3.
You are playing chess, aren’t you?
4.
I’m sorry I haven’t written before because I’ve been very busy lately.
5.
This book was written by our teacher.
6.
The students are translating the sentences from English into Russian now.
7.
The letter had been written before we came.
8.
Who was talking on the telephone at that time?
9.
They may take my book.
10.
Will you try to enter the university?
II.
Запишите предложения в вопросительной и отрицательной форме. Задайте специальный вопрос к выделенным словам:
1.
Den studies at the University.
2.
I translated many articles every day.
3.
He has just spoken to her.
4.
We will take our final exams in June.
5.
The students were working very well.
III.
Поставьте вместо точек модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты:
1.
… you translate the text?
2.
She will … to answer these letters tomorrow.
3.
I … do it.
4.
I didn’t want to go there but I … to.
5.
Drivers … go at 60 kilometers an hour here.
IV.
Заполните пропуски местоимениями some, any, every, no или их производными:
1.
I haven’t got … friends in England.
2.
... you help me?
3.
He showed me … papers.
4.
… is ready.
5.
… is here.
V.
Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в правильную форму. Помните о соответствии времен в придаточных предложениях условия и времени.
1.
If I (to see) my friend tomorrow, I (to ask) him about it.
2.
If she (to come), he (to show) her that letter.
3.
We (to be) very thankful if you (to send) us these magazines.
4.
If they (to want) your advice, they (to get) in touch with you.
5.
If Pete (to go jogging), he (to forget) about his health problems.
VI.
Запишите предложения, используя косвенную речь:
1.
He said: “Do it tomorrow.”
2.
The manager said: “Come the next day, please.”
3.
Mary asked me: “Work at this office.”
4.
The customer asked: “Inform us as soon as possible.”
5.
Mr. Smith said: “Please, send us the samples.”
VII.
Спишите, подчеркните причастие II на русский язык, определите его функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык:
1.
All books taken from the library must be returned in time.
2.
Asked whether he intended to return soon, he replied that he would be away for about 3 months.
3.
They showed us a list of the goods sold.
4.
The goods are discharged.
VIII.
Спишите и переведите, обращая внимание на перевод сложного дополнения (Complex Object):
1.
I would like the German company to change the contract terms.
2.
We heard the manager saying we would buy some computers from BML.
3.
- You expect the design of the model to be changed, don’t you? - Yes, we do. But I’m afraid it won’t be changed.
4.
- When do you want the exhibits to be sent to the international exhibition? - In May.
IX.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания к нему:
Helping Foreign Trade
There are some institutions and policies in the world that foster international trade. If these institutions did not exist, many companies would not be able to go international. The U.S. government created the Export-Import Bank (Eximbank) in order to reduce unemployment in the country. Eximbank loans to U.S. exporters and foreign buyers of U.S. imports if private financing is not available. A firm can also buy insurance from the Foreign Credit Insurance Association (FCIA) to cover political risk (such as expropriation and loss due to war). The exporter can also buy insurance coverage on credit sales to foreign customer.
More known are the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
The former fosters the economic development of member nations by making loans to them. The latter eliminates trade barriers and promotes financial cooperation among member countries. Thus, if firms in Argentina wish to buy from American firms but Argentina lacks American dollars, Argentina can borrow USD from IMF. Then it pays the loan back.
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Выпишите из текста предложения, в которых использованы модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты, и переведите их на русский язык.
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Ответьте на вопросы письменно:
1.
What can foster international trade?
2.
What would happen to many companies if these institutions and policies did not exist?
3.
What institution did the U.S. government create in order to reduce unemployment in the country?
4.
When does Eximbank make loans to U.S. exporters and foreign buyers?
5.
What can a firm buy from FCIA?
6.
What sort of a risk does FCIA insurance cover?
7.
What can an export do if he is not sure of his customer’s creditability?
8.
What are the World Bank and IMF known for?
9.
How can IMF help a foreign firm to buy, say, American products?
X.
Переведите текст письменно:
Microeconomics
The word “micro” means small, and microeconomics means economics in the small. The optimizing behavior of individual units such as households and firms provides the foundation for microeconomics.
Microeconomists may investigate individual markets or even the economy as a whole, but their analyses are derived from the aggregation of the behavior of individual units. Microeconomic theory is used extensively in many areas of applied economics. For example, it is used in industrial organisation, labor economics, international trade, cost-benefit analysis, and many other economic subfields. The tools and analyses of microeconomics provide a common ground, and even a language, for economists interested in a wide range of problems. At one time there was a sharp distinction in both methodology and subject matter between microeconomics and macroeconomics.
The methodological distinction became somewhat blurred during the 1970s as more and more macroeconomic analyses were built upon microeconomic foundations. Nonetheless, major distinctions remain between the two major branches of economics. For example, the microeconomist is interested in the determination in the general price level and its change over time.
Optimization plays a key role in microeconomics. The consumer is assumed to maximize profit or minimize utility or satisfaction subject to the constraints imposed by income or income earning power. The producer is assumed to maximize profit or minimize cost subject to the technological constraints under which the firm operates. Optimization of social welfare sometimes is the criterion for the determination of public policy.
Opportunity cost is an important concept in microeconomics. Many courses of action are valued in terms of what is sacrificed so that they might be undertaken. For example, the opportunity cost of a public project is the value of the additional goods that the private sector would have produced with the resources used for the public project.
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